How to improve the matching requirements of bearing preload and surface
Date:2022-07-16 Editor:Oukai Bearing

When applying bearing preload, it is recommended to measure the deformation continuously. It should be pointed out that this deformation is nonlinear, increasing the load at the high deformation stage in the low deformation stage, and increasing the linear pretension load in the high deformation stage, the relationship between the main deformation and the load is linear, and the increase of the pretension force stops immediately , a constant stiffness can be obtained. Thereafter, there is a fixed relationship between the stiffness of the axial and radial bearings, which is independent of the external load.

1. Equipped with bearings, the bearing structure has a great influence on the bearing stiffness. Generally speaking, for radial thrust ball bearings and roller bearings, the outer ring has a larger end face, and the bearing has the ability to resist overturning torque. The preload adjustment also doesn't change much when the temperature changes.

2. Under the allowable axial position conditions, the support rigidity can be improved by multiple bearing supports and two or more radial bearing supports at each fulcrum. In recent years, axial preload and multiple sets of radial thrust bearings have been widely used in the assembly of machine tool spindles.

3. In order to meet the requirements of the Swedish bearing mating surface, better shaft and seat hole shape and bearing installation position, position accuracy, lower surface roughness, higher support rigidity. Surface hardening is beneficial to increase hardness. Under lubricating conditions, the high hardness plug with extremely low hardness is gently pressed into and out of the seat hole for many times, and there is a certain amount of interference, which is also conducive to improving the bearing rigidity. It is similar to using clamping rings to handle journals if needed.

4. Bearing preloading method can be used to improve bearing rigidity. The bearing preload method can be used for ball bearings or bearings, while the radial preload method can be used for short cylindrical roller bearings, which can significantly increase the stiffness of the shaft. At this point, remove the bearing clearance or get a small negative clearance. However, when the speed is not too high and the temperature is not too high, try to adjust the negative gap as small as possible.

These deformations can be observed, for example, by placing a probe on the surface of the inlet bearing or on an appropriate part of the shaft with preload. The preload method has shortcomings such as increasing the friction torque of the bearing, increasing the temperature rise, and shortening the service life. It should be considered comprehensively, weigh the pros and cons, and choose an appropriate preload method.

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